I pieced this together from all the stuff posted elsewhere as there wasn’t a complete guide available and the last few challenges didn;t have the english translation. Please excuse the multiple formats etc and I apolgise in advance for any mistakes - I’ve not checked it for spelling etc and I’ve deliberately missed some stuff out.
Gwers 1
Vocabulary Introduced:
plant – children
eich plant – your children
rheina – those
ydy rheina…? – are those…?
maen nhw – they are
maen nhw’n edrych – they look
fel – like
llaw – hand
llond llaw – a handful
llond llaw go iawn – a real handful
ydyn nhw…? – are they…?
hen – old
pa mor hen…? – how old…?
yr hynaf – the oldest
deg / yn ddeg – ten
y llall – the other one
yr hogan – the girl
pump / yn bump – five
honna – that one (feminine)
hwnna – that one (masculine)
Examples:
Ai eich plant chi ydy rheina? – Are those your children? **
Maen nhw’n edrych fel llond llaw go iawn – They look like a real handful.
Pa mor hen ydyn nhw? – How old are they?
Mae’r hynaf yn ddeg ac mae’r llall yn bump – The oldest is 10 and the other one is 5.
** ai is an “interrogative particle” - a marker word that doesn’t translate - there to mark this as a focused question about a thing (your children in this case).
Gwers 2
Vocabulary Introduced:
yr hogyn – the boy
pymtheg / yn bymtheg – fifteen
oes gynnoch chi…? – Have you got…?
eich hunain – yourself
na, sgynnon ni ddim – No, we don’t have [nag oes, does gynnon ni ddim]
un hogyn – one boy
oes, mae gynnon ni… – Yes we have…
bywiog / yn fywiog – lively
dyna blant i chi – that’s children for you
fyddwn ni ddim isio – we wouldn’t want
nhw – them
gwahanol – different
yn wahanol o gwbl – any different (lit. different at all)
Examples:
Mae fy mrawd yn bymtheg – My brother is 15.
Oes gynnoch chi blant eich hunain? – Have you got children yourself?
Na, sgynnon ni ddim. Beth amdanoch chi? – No, we don’t have. What about you?
Oes, mae gynnon ni un hogan ac un hogyn – Yes, we have one girl and one boy.
Maen nhw’n fywiog ond dyna blant i chi, a fyddwn ni ddim isio nhw yn wahanol o gwbl – They’re lively but that’s children for you and we wouldn’t want them any different.
Gwers 3
Vocabulary Introduced:
dau /dwy – two
dwy hogan – two girls
yr ifancaf / y fenga – the youngest
ein plant ni – our children
tyfu – to grow
tyfu i fyny – to grow up
wedi tyfu i fyny – grown up
merch – daughter
yn ei hugeiniau – in her twenties
dach chi ddim yn edrych – you don’t look
dan ni ddim yn gweld – we don’t see
dydd / diwrnod – day
y dyddiau hyn – these days
Examples:
Mae gynnon ni ddwy hogan a dau hogyn, ac mae’r fenga’n bump – We’ve got two girls and two boys, and the youngest is 5.
Gwers 4
Vocabulary Introduced:
mab – son
yn ei dridegau– in his thirties
yn ei thridegau– in her thirties
yn ei ugeiniau - in his twenties
athro / athrawes – teacher
felly – so
maen nhw’n tyfu i fyny – they grow up
mor gyflym – so quickly
tydyn nhw? – don’t they?
mynd heibio – go past
hedfan – to fly
pan – when [as a statement]
pan oeddan nhw – when they were
dw i’n cofio – I remember
Gwers 5
Vocabulary Introduced:
oeddan nhw newydd ddechrau – they’d just started
yn yr ysgol – at school
ddoe – yesterday
fel tasai hi ddoe – as though it was yesterday
gweithio i’r Cyngor – to work for the Council
syniad – idea
y syniad diweddara – the latest idea
(y)dach chi wedi clywed? – have you heard?
Examples:
Do’n i ddim yn gwybod bo nhw newydd ddechrau gwylio’r pêldroed – I didn’t know that they’d just started to watch the football.
Dwi’n cofio pan oeddan nhw newydd ddechrau yn yr ysgol – I remember when they’d just started at school.
Dwi’n cofio’r amser fel tasai hi ddoe – I remember the time as though it was yesterday.
Mae gynnon ni fab yn ei dridegau sy’n gweithio i’r Cyngor – We’ve got a son in his thirties who works for the council.
Dach chi ‘di clywed y syniad diweddara? – Have you heard the latest idea?
Gwers 6
Vocabulary Introduced:
maen nhw isio – they want
beth ydyn nhw isio / be’ ‘dyn nhw isio – what do they want
mwy o amser – more time
treulio amser – to spend time
gweithio adre’ – working at home
cyfarfod fel grwp – meeting as a group
popeth – everything
bo’ ni’n gorffen – that we finish
gwneud yn siwr – to make sure
maen nhw’n dweud – they say
Examples:
Maen nhw’n dweud bod nhw isio treulio mwy o amser yn gweithio adre’ – They say that they want to spend more time working at home.
Be’ ‘dyn nhw isio clywed? – What do they want to hear?
Maen nhw isio gwneud yn siwr bo ni’n gorffen cymaint â phosib – They want to make sure that we finish as much as possible.
Oeddan nhw newydd ddechrau treulio mwy o amser yn yr ysgol – They’d just started to spend more time at school.
Fyddwn ni ddim isio treulio mwy o amser yn cyfarfod fel grwp – We wouldn’t want to spend more
Gwers 7
Vocabulary Introduced:
llai o amser – less time
ni – us / we
maen nhw isio i ni dreulio llai o amser – they want us to spend less time
maen nhw isio i ni wneud yn siwr – they want us to make sure
mewn amser – in time
mewn pryd – in time
maen nhw’n meddwl – they think
dan ni angen – we need
bod ni angen – that we need
trafod – to discuss
rhai ni / ein rhai ni – ours
Examples
Maen nhw’n meddwl bo’ ni dal angen treulio llai o amser yn y dafarn - They think that we still need to spend less time in the pub.
Maen nhw isio i ni wneud yn siwr bo’ ni’n gorffen popeth mewn amser - They want us to make sure that we finish everything in time.
Gwers 8
Vocabulary Introduced:
dan ni ddim yn gwybod – we don’t know
cyflawni – to achieve
maen nhw’n trio – they’re trying
agor – to open
bod yn agored – to be open
bod yn fwy agored – to be more open
dylen nhw – they ought to / they should
newid – to change (also ‘change’ as it money left over after paying for something)
roedd yn mynd / oedd yn mynd – it was going
be’ oedd yn mynd – what was going
oeddwn ni isio – we wanted
Examples:
Dylen nhw fod yn fwy agored efo ni - They ought to be more open with us.
Dan ni ddim yn dallt be’ maen nhw’n trio cyflawni - We don’t understand what they’re trying to achieve.
Dan ni dal isio gwybod be’ oedd yn mynd i ddigwydd ar y penwythnos - We still want to know what was going to happen at the weekend.
Gwers 9
Vocabulary Introduced:
digwydd – to happen
be’ oedd yn digwydd – what was happening
esbonio – to explain
doeddan nhw ddim isio – they didn’t want
ddudon nhw wrthon ni – they told us
oeddan nhw isio – they wanted
gofyn am help – to ask for help
mwy o help – more help
dylen nhw ofyn am fwy o help – they should ask for more help
bydden ni’n licio – we’d like
doeddwn ni ddim yn gwybod – we didn’t know
nhw - them
Examples:
Fedri di esbonio be’ oedd yn digwydd? – Can you explain what was happening?
Ddudon ni wrthyn nhw y dylen nhw ofyn am help yn fwy aml – We told them that they should ask for help more often.
Gwers 10
Vocabulary Introduced:
oedden ni’n siarad – we were talking
oedden ni’n meddwl – we thought / we were thinking
oedden ni i gyd yn meddwl – we all thought
ffeindio – to find
fford – a way
fford well – a better way
dan i isio iddyn nhw dreulio – we want them to spend
dan ni isio iddyn nhw wneud yn siŵr – we want them to make sure
Examples:
Oeddwn ni i gyd yn meddwl y dylen nhw drio ffeindio ffordd well i wneud o – We all thought that they should try to find a better way to do it.
Oedden ni’ siarad efo rhywun yn y dafarn neithiwr sy’n gweithio efo dy frawd – We were talking with someone in the pub last night who works with your brother.
Dan ni isio iddyn nhw dreulio llai o amser yn yfed cwrw yn y dafarn – We want them to spend less time drinking beer in the pub.
Dan ni isio iddyn nhw wneud yn siŵr bo’ nhw’n gorffen y gwaith mewn amser – We want them to make sure that they finish the work in time.
Gwers 11
Vocabulary Introduced:
teimlo - to feel
ti’n teimlo – you feel
gest ti…? – did you have…?
wnest ti wylio…? – did you watch…?
wnest ti ddarllen…? – did you read…?
be’ oeddet ti’n meddwl…? – what did you think…?
beth wyt ti’n mynd i wneud / be’ ti’n mynd i wneud? – what are you going to do?
dan ni’n mynd i wneud – we are going to do
Examples
Wnest ti wylio’r ffilm ‘na ar y teledu ar y penwythnos? - Did you watch that film on the television at the weekend?
Be’ ti’n mynd i wneud am y broblem 'na yn y ysgol? - What are you going to do about that problem at school?
Yn y cyfamser, dan ni’n mynd i wneud rhywbeth defnyddiol - In the meantime, we are going to do something useful.
Lesson 12 here
have you heard ? (to a friend) = (wyt) ti 'di clywed ?
to feel like doing something = teimlo fel gneud rhywbeth
to wait for them = aros amdanyn nhw
we should = dylen ni
do you think ? ( to a friend) = wyt ti’n meddwl ?
I should = dylwn i
do you want ? (politely or to more than one person) = dach chi isio ?
a cup of tea = panad o de
can I ? = ga i ?
can I get you s.th.? = ga i nôl rhywbeth i chi?
Lesson 13 here
coffee = coffi
or coffee = neu goffi
you wanted (polite) = oeddech chi isio
milk = llefrith
milk with your coffee = llefrith efo’ch coffi
did you say? = ddudoch chi ?
and sugar = a siwgr
you said (polite) = ddudoch chi
you said (to a friend) = ddudest ti
I thought = o’n i’n meddwl
get up = codi
early = yn gynnar
early in the morning = yn gynnar yn y bore
Challenge 14
Vocabulary introduced:
Gofyn i ti. To ask you
Mynd allan. To go out
Rhywben. Sometime
Wythnos. Week
Wythnos nesaf. Next week
Balch. Proud
Balch ohonot ti dy hun(an). Proud of yourself
Patterns introduced:
Oeddet ti’n meddwl… You thought
Fyddet ti’n licio…? Would you like
Dylet ti deimlo… You should feel
Challenge 15
Vocabulary introduced:
Y peth. Y peth gorau. The best thing
Y peth gorau i’w ‘neud. The best thing to do
Wyt ti’n siwr? Are you sure
Cymryd gormod O risg. To take too much of a risk
Patterns introduced:
Dyna ydi(‘r)… That’s the
Well i ti beidio… You ‘d rather not
Challenge 16
Vocabulary introduced:
Cerdded. To walk
Ti’n cerdded I mewn i’r dref. To walk into town
I’r ysgol. Pan. Gofalus.
Bydd yn ofalus. Be careful
Ar dy ben dy hun(an). On your own
Dw i wastad yn hapus. I’m always happy
Os lici di. If you’d like to
Efo chdi (efo ti).
Patterns introduced:
Paid trio…(Paid â thrio…) Don’t try
Ti’n gwybod bod… You know that
Challenge 17
Vocabulary introduced:
Ddydd Llun. Fore dydd Llun. Monday morning
Fyffwn i ddim yn gwneud hynna. I wouldn’t do that
Swn i chdi (tasen i chdi).
Rhoi. Rhoi fo iddo fo. To give it to him
Rhoi amser iddo fo. To give him time
Arafu. Tasechdi’n arafu (Taset ti’n arafu).
Patterns introduced:
Mi driwn i…(triwn i…)
Challenge 18
Vocabulary introduced:
Dod â. To bring
Patterns introduced:
Dw i’n fodlon… I’m willing
Fyddech chi’n fodlon…? Would you be willing
Beth am i ni gael…? Shall we
(Ta)swn i’n gofyn i ti fynd allan…If I asked you to to out
Be’ fyddet ti’n deud…? What would you say
Be’ fyddet ti’n gwneud…? What would you do
Challenge 19
Vocabulary introduced:
Ddydd Mawrth. Trefnu. Y trefniadau. Arrangements
Delio efo. To deal with
O’n i isio iddi hi helpu chdi. I wanted her to help you
Prysur. Busy
Rhy brysur. Too busy
Oedd hi’n rhy brysur. She was too busy
Patterns introduced:
Rhoi iddi hi…To give her
Awn ni…? Shall we go
Swn i’n gofyn i ti helpu fi… If I asked you to help me
Challenge 20
Vocabulary introduced:
Buan/Yn fuan. Mor fuan â phosib. As soon as possible
Eithaf da. Fairly good
Sothach. Sothach llwyr. A load of rubbish
Pres (arian). Fy mhres. Fy mhres yn ôl. My money back
…i fod yn onest. To be honest
Dyna be’ ddudest ti. That’s what you said
…medden nhw. They said
Patterns introduced:
Do’n i ddim yn meddwl…I didn’t think
Challenge 21
Vocabulary introduced:
Ddydd Mercher. Cyn.
Cyn i chi fynd. Before you go
Ateb. Dw i’n ateb.
Cyn i mi ateb. Before I answer
Gorffen hyn.
Cyn iddi hi ddeud wrthot ti. Before she tells you
Ffeindio allan. To find out
Patterns introduced:
Fedri di ddeud wrtha i…? Can you tell me
Well gen i beidio…I’d rather not
Challenge 22
Vocabulary introduced:
Ar ôl. Ar ôl i ni orffen. After we finish
Tan. until
Patterns introduced:
Dydi o ddim isio… He doesn’t want
Wnaeth o’m deud wrtha fi…(wnaeth o ddim deud wrtha fi…) He didn’t tell me
Wnest ti’m deud wrtha i…(wnest ti ddim deud wrtha i…) You didn’t tell me
(Dd)udes i…I said
Challenge 23
Vocabulary introduced:
Ddydd Iau. Y cwestiwn. Ar hyn o bryd. At the moment
Oedd o (we)di gorffen. He has finished
Patterns introduced:
Doedd hi’m isio…(doedd hi ddim isio…) She didn’t want
Byddet ti’n deu’ ‘tha fi…(byddet ti’n deud wrtha fi…) You would tell me
(Ta)set ti’n gwybod…If you knew
Challenge 24
Vocabulary introduced:
Byddwn i’n deu(d) (wr)thot ti. I would tell you
(Ta)swn i’n medru. If I could
Patterns introduced:
Fysat ti…? Wouldn’t you
Challenge 25
Vocabulary introduced:
(Ta)set ti’n medru. If you could
Byddet ti’n helpu. You would help
